Writing Task 1写作步骤

　　为了确保答案切题，我们建议考生以下写作步骤与时间分配：

1. Plan (3-5 minutes)
2. Write (12-15 minutes)
3. Revise (2-3 minutes)

1. Plan (3-5 minutes)

　　在这个阶段，考生需要仔细研究图表里的资讯，并且判读图表中的重要趋势。

让我们用以下的例题来说明：

　　首先根据图表的标题，以及X轴(时间)与Y轴(股价)的资讯，我们可以判断图表描述Euro Telecom这间公司一年当中的股价变化。接下来，我们可以把股价的变化分成几个时期来看：

• 2010三月至四月中：股价上下震荡
• 2010四月中至五月：股价急涨
• 2010五月至六月中：股价上下震荡
• 2010六月中至八月中：股价持续下跌
• 2010八月中至十二月：股价持续上涨
• 2010十二月至2011年三月：股价持续下跌

2. Write (12-15 minutes)

　　在这个阶段，考生利用适当的字汇与句型，描述图表中的趋势。

描述趋势字汇

　　在描述趋势(例如上图的股价变化)时，我们需要熟悉描述「上升」、「下降」、「震荡」等字汇。下面的表格是相关字汇整理：

  动词或动词片语 名词或名词片语
不变 remain stable, remain constant, level off no change, a leveling off
振荡 fluctuate, move up and down a fluctuation
低点 fall to a low point a low point, a low
高点 reach a peak, reach a high a peak, a high
上升 rise, increase, go up a rise, an increase
下降 fall, drop, dip, decrease, decline a fall, a drop, a dip, a decrease, a decline
 

　　在描述上升或下降时，我们可以进一步叙述「迅速」、「持续」、「缓慢」等程度。以下表格是相关字汇整理：

  副词(放在动词后) 形容词(放在名词前)
迅速 dramatically, significantly, sharply dramatic, significant, sharp
持续 steadily, gradually steady, gradual
缓慢 slightly, slowly slight, slow
 

　　利用不同的词性，我们可以灵活变换写作的句型，增加答案的文法丰富度。举例来说，如果我们要叙述「股价在2010四月中至五月急涨」，我们可以有三种写法：

句型一：price + 动词 + 副词

→ The price increased sharply from mid-April to May.

句型二：there was/were + 形容词 + 名词

→ There was a sharp increase in the price from mid-April to May.

句型三：price + experienced/saw + 形容词 + 名词

→ The price saw a sharp increase from mid-April to May.

　　了解这些字汇的使用方式后，以下段落是上面图表的范例答案：

The graph shows the changes and decrease overall in the share price of Euro Telecom in a one-year period from March 2010 to March 2011.

At the beginning of this period, the share price was at $18.50 per share. There were several fluctuations until around mid-April when there was a surge from $16.50 to $20.00. This higher price didn't last long, however, and it fell before rising slightly again by June. From mid-June there was a general downward trend until mid-August when it fell to the lowest point in this period at just over $14 per share. After that, the share price recovered and, despite some fluctuations, continued to increase until it reached a peak of $19 in December. Until March 2011 the trend was downward again, ending the period at just over $15.

让我们再看另一个例题：

The graph below shows the figures for CFC emissions in four countries between 2005 and 2009.

Summarize the information by selecting and reporting the main features, and make comparisons where relevant.

仔细观察后，我们发现图中的主要趋势为：

• 除了印度之外，其它国家的CFC排放量减少。
• 印度的CFC排放量逐年增加。

写答案时，我们建议考生使用以下的格式：

i. 主题句(introduction)：说明图表的主题。
ii. 主要趋势(overall trends)：我们所判读的图表趋势。
iii. 具体细节(specific details)：图表中说明趋势的数字细节。

当我们提到趋势时，我们可以使用以下的句型：

• One of the first things to note is that …
• One thing that clearly stands out is that …
• A main point to note is that …

当我们引用具体细节时，我们可以使用以下的表达方式：

• For example, …
• For instance, …
• More specifically, …
• This fact is borne out when we look at …

以下为范例答案：

The line graph shows the amount of CFC emissions produced by four different countries from 2005 to 2009.

The main point to note is that CFC emissions went down in all countries except India. Germany saw a gradual decrease in emissions from 2006, falling from around 850 to just under 800 metric tons annually. However, the falls in Russia and Japan occurred more suddenly. Both countries saw a drop in emissions in 2008. Before this time, Japan had been producing a fairly constant level of emissions, around 1,400 metric tons each year, whereas emissions from Russia had been gradually increasing until 2008.

Another important feature to note is that emissions in India, by contrast, increased over the same period. In 2005, India produced just under 1,200 metric tons, but by 2009, this had increased to over 1,500 metric tons. In 2005, India produced fewer emissions than Japan and Russia, but in 2009, both Russia and India were producing equal amounts of emissions, just over 1,500 metric tons.

3. Revise (2-3 minutes)

　　写完答案之后，除了检查文句通顺以及拼字正确外，考生需检查常见的写作与文法错误，例如每个句子都必须是完整的句子、动词时态、主词与动词的一致性、可数与不可数名词的用法、以及冠词用法。

总结

　　在本篇文章中，我们整理描述趋势的字汇，以及示范雅思写作「描述图表题」的写作步骤。如果学员想更全面了解雅思写作，可以参考巨匠的雅思课程。巨匠的雅思课程提供写作批改服务，可以帮助同学发现与改正自己的弱点，取得更理想的雅思写作成绩。