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「描述过程题」Writing Task 1写作步骤

让我们用以下的例题来说明「描述过程题」的写作步骤：

The diagram below shows the stages a company should go through before launching a product globally. Summarize the information by selecting and reporting the main features, and make comparisons where relevant.

Step 1: 找出步骤顺序

题目指出流程图描述发表新产品到国际市场的步骤。仔细观察流程图之后，我们得知第一个步骤是「拟定商业计划」(Business plan: evaluate needs and set goals)。最后一个步骤则是「发表产品」(Launch product(s) in new market)。一旦我们找出所有的步骤，我们开始写作时，就可以利用first, then, after that, when, finally等描述顺序的字词，衔接不同的步骤。

Step 2: 确认写作「时态」以及「语态」

找出步骤后，我们需决定动词的「时态」以及「语态」。因为发表展品的步骤属于「规律」，所以我们需使用「现在简单式」。至于语态，我们经常使用「被动语态」描述过程。以第二个步骤「海外市场调查」(Overseas market research: identify international markets)来说，我们可以写Overseas market research needs to be conducted …。必须注意的是，虽然被动语态有助于我们描述过程，我们仍需使用一些主动语态的句子，以确保句型的多样性。

Step 3: 适度转述资讯

虽然流程图上会有简短的关键字，标明步骤的内容，我们建议考生适度「转述」这些关键字，以展示自己的写作能力。以第四个步骤「学习当地事务」(Learn local ways: price-setting; negotiating; legal issues)来说，我们可以写Familiarize yourself with local methods of setting prices and negotiating deals。

根据这些步骤，以下是范例答案，打底线的字标示顺序、时态、语态：

The diagram shows the six main stages that a company should follow when launching a product internationally in a new market.

In order to go global with a product, the first thing you need to do is prepare an international business plan which will help you evaluate your needs and set goals for your company. Next, extensive market research needs to be conducted overseas. This will help you identify the potential international markets for your particular product.

After that, it is important to evaluate and select the right methods of distribution for your product abroad. There are several ways to do this, such as through company-owned foreign subsidiaries, by working through agents, or by setting up joint ventures. When you have chosen the distribution method, familiarize yourself with local methods of setting prices and negotiating deals. It is also a good idea to find out what legal matters are involved in exporting so that you don't make any mistakes.

Before your product can be launched in the new market, make sure you comply with local regulations: for example in your packaging and labeling. Following these six stages should ensure success in the new market.

瞄准弱点，高效学习！

写完答案之后，除了检查文句通顺以及拼字正确外，考生尚需检查常见的写作与文法错误，例如每个句子都必须是完整的句子，而不能有「不完整的句子」 (sentence fragment)、动词时态、主词与动词的一致性、可数与不可数名词的用法，以及冠词用法。

总结

在本篇文章中，我们示范IELTS学术组写作Writing Task 1「描述过程题」的写作步骤。通过这些步骤，以及熟悉常见的句型与表达方法，考生应可在20分钟内，写出条理分明的答案。请持续关注我们的文章，一起战胜雅思喔！